Vitamins and minerals: what is selenium?

Getting enough selenium vitamins and minerals in your diet? Learn more about selenium and its essential function in the human body



Selenium comes in several forms. It is known by the following names: selenium yeast, selenium sulfide, selenium acid, and sodium selenite. Only minute quantities of this mineral are needed, although the lack of it can cause many problems in the human body.

The dietary sources for selenium are usually associated with the soil where they were grown. Vegetables and grain products often have a higher selenium content if the mineral was present in the soil from which they were harvested. Most meats and fish contain selenium, and are an excellent source of this mineral. Dairy products are also a good dietary source of selenium.

Selenium’s primary function in the human body is to work in conjunction with vitamin E in the preservation and elasticity of the tissues. It is also neccessary in the slowing down of the process of aging by increasing endurance and improving the blood and oxygen supply to the heart muscle. The prostoglandins in the human body which protect against high blood pressure cannot be formed without selenium. Prostoglandins aid in the prevention of abnormal blood clots, thereby preventing stroke and heart attack. Prostoglandins also assist in the stimulation of uterine contractions in pregnancy.

Even though it is so important to proper functioning of the human organism, selenium deficiency does occur. Severe selenium deficiency often causes muscle pain and tenderness. It may also result in a constriction of the tissues due to loss of elasticity, and may also result in weakness and decreased stamina. Selenium deficiency can also lead to a fatal form of heart disease in children.

Recommended intakes of selenium vary and such a small amount is needed that it usually is easily obtained from dietary source, however the consensus among professionals seems to be between 50 to 200 micrograms daily1, depending on level of deficiency. Of course, before starting any form of supplementation you should consult your health care practitioner